The Montgomery County SWCD is working with our conservation partners to promote soil health. Soil has a complex biology, which needs to remain healthy in order for it to function at its maximum potential. Soil is composed of minerals, organic matter, water, and air. Air and water fill the pore spaces between soil particles. Soil particles are divided into three categories according to size: sand, silt, and clay. Sand particles are the largest and give soil a gritty texture. Silt particles are much smaller; silty soils feel smooth (like flour) to the touch. Clay particles are smaller still, and feel sticky or stiff when wet. Organic matter is made from decomposed and partially decomposed plant and animal matter. There is a large diversity of microorganisms living in the soil. These organisms are important for nutrient cycling, maintaining good soil structure, and are good indicator of soil health. A healthy soil regulates water, cycles nutrients, filters potential pollutants, supports infrastructure, sustains plant and animal life, and absorbs more water which decreases erosion.